{"id":8234,"date":"2025-09-28T04:51:09","date_gmt":"2025-09-28T04:51:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/?page_id=8234"},"modified":"2025-11-04T03:22:17","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T03:22:17","slug":"polikistik-over-sendromunda-yuksek-kas-aktivitesi-gerektiren-sporlar-atletizm-yuzme-halter-maraton","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/polikistik-over-sendromunda-yuksek-kas-aktivitesi-gerektiren-sporlar-atletizm-yuzme-halter-maraton\/","title":{"rendered":"Polikistik Over Sendromu\u2019nda Y\u00fcksek Kas Aktivitesi Gerektiren Sporlar (Atletizm, Y\u00fczme, Halter, Maraton)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">\u0130nsan v\u00fccudunu kas, ya\u011f, su ve kemik olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#ffd30d\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1-<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Kas ile ya\u011f beslenme bi\u00e7imi ve hareket miktar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak birbirine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilmektedir.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#f9de0a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">2-<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Kas (\u0130skelet kas\u0131) miktar\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a ya\u011f miktar\u0131 azalmaktad\u0131r(1).<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#f7c305\" class=\"has-inline-color\">3-<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Kaslar ya\u011flar\u0131 enerji (kalori) olarak kullanarak ya\u011flar\u0131n azalmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#f7f408\" class=\"has-inline-color\">4-<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Kas fazla miktarda ise&nbsp;hareket&nbsp;fazla olmasa bile kas miktar\u0131 ile do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak daha&nbsp;fazla&nbsp;miktarda ya\u011f&nbsp;enerji (kalori) olarak t\u00fcketilmektedir.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fbf90a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">5-<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ya\u011flar kaslardan \u00e7ok daha az miktarda enerji (kalori)&nbsp;harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kas miktar\u0131 az ve ya\u011f miktar\u0131 fazla olan ki\u015filerde metabolizma h\u0131z\u0131 yava\u015flamakta ve bunun sonucunda ya\u011flanma&nbsp;miktar\u0131 zaman i\u00e7inde gittik\u00e7e artmaktad\u0131r.&nbsp;<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-blue-color\">Polikistik over sendromu olan kad\u0131nlarda v\u00fccut kas ve ya\u011f miktarlar\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131;<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed aligncenter is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"#polikistikover #ya\u011flanmaart\u0131\u015f\u0131 #kar\u0131nya\u011flanmas\u0131 #karaci\u011ferya\u011flanmas\u0131 #enerjikayna\u011f\u0131ya\u011flar #ya\u011flanma\" width=\"1320\" height=\"743\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fhTdeSZj-po?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#f81e05\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1-<\/mark><\/strong>V\u00fccutlar\u0131nda toplam ya\u011f miktar\u0131 fazla&nbsp;ve&nbsp;kas miktar\u0131 az olan&nbsp;\u015fi\u015fman veya fazla kilolu kad\u0131nlarda&nbsp; kol ve bacakta bulunan kas miktar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u0131n ve bel b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan&nbsp;kas miktar\u0131ndan daha fazla oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir&nbsp;<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-blue-color\">(erkek tipi kaslanma)<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k v\u00fccudun \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131nda yani kar\u0131n ve bel b\u00f6lgesinde&nbsp;bulunan ya\u011f miktar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u00e7a ve bacakta bulunan ya\u011f miktar\u0131ndan daha fazla oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir&nbsp;<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-blue-color\">(erkek tipi ya\u011flanma)<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fb1911\" class=\"has-inline-color\">2-<\/mark><\/strong>V\u00fccutlar\u0131nda toplam kas miktar\u0131 normal veya fazla&nbsp;olan&nbsp;buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ya\u011f miktar\u0131 normal veya az olan&nbsp;normal kilolu veya zay\u0131f kad\u0131nlarda&nbsp;erkek tipi kaslanma olsun ya da olmas\u0131n v\u00fccudun \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131nda yani kar\u0131n ve bel b\u00f6lgesinde&nbsp;bulunan ya\u011f miktar\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131, v\u00fccudun alt k\u0131sm\u0131nda yani kal\u00e7a ve bacakta bulunan ya\u011f miktar\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir <strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-blue-color\">(erkek tipi ya\u011flanma)<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fa0505\" class=\"has-inline-color\">3-<\/mark><\/strong>V\u00fccutlar\u0131nda toplam ya\u011f ve&nbsp;kas miktar\u0131 normal&nbsp;seviyede olan&nbsp;normal kilolu ve zay\u0131f&nbsp;kad\u0131nlarda&nbsp;kar\u0131n ve bel b\u00f6lgesinde&nbsp;bulunan kas miktar\u0131n\u0131n kol ve bacakta bulunan kas miktar\u0131ndan daha fazla oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir&nbsp;<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-blue-color\">(kad\u0131n tipi kaslanma)<\/mark><\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k v\u00fccudun \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131nda yani kar\u0131n ve bel b\u00f6lgesinde&nbsp;bulunan ya\u011f miktar\u0131n\u0131n kal\u00e7a ve bacakta bulunan ya\u011f miktar\u0131ndan daha az oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir&nbsp;<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-blue-color\">(kad\u0131n tipi ya\u011flanma)<\/mark><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Y\u00fcksek kas aktivitesine ihtiya\u00e7 duyan kad\u0131n sporcular taraf\u0131ndan doping amac\u0131yla&nbsp;d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan al\u0131nan ya da polikistik over sendromu\u2019nda v\u00fccudun kendisinin fazla miktarda \u00fcretti\u011fi erkeklik hormonlar\u0131 (testosteron, dihidrotestosteron) kas (iskelet kas\u0131) miktar\u0131n\u0131 ve kas kuvvetini (g\u00fcc\u00fc) artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r&nbsp;(2,3,4,5,6).<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Sporcu olmayan, hareketsiz kad\u0131nlarda dahi erkeklik hormonu miktar\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a kas miktar\u0131 da artmakta olup v\u00fccutta bulunan kas ve ya\u011flar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmektedir&nbsp;(1). <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Erkeklik hormonu miktar\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u0131n ve bel b\u00f6lgesinde&nbsp;bulunan kas miktar\u0131 azalmakta, kol ve bacak kas miktar\u0131 artmaktad\u0131r&nbsp;<strong>(erkek tipi kaslanma)<\/strong>. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k v\u00fccudun \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131nda yani kar\u0131n ve bel b\u00f6lgesinde&nbsp;bulunan ya\u011f miktar\u0131 artmakta, v\u00fccudun alt k\u0131sm\u0131nda yani kal\u00e7a ve bacakta bulunan ya\u011f miktar\u0131 azalmaktad\u0131r&nbsp;<strong>(erkek tipi ya\u011flanma)&nbsp;<\/strong>(17,18).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#78f907\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1-<\/mark><\/strong>Ergenlik d\u00f6nemine (puberte) kadar erkeklik hormonlar\u0131 (testosteron) k\u0131z ve erkeklerde ayn\u0131 miktarlarda \u00fcretilmektedir&nbsp;(7).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#9efd0f\" class=\"has-inline-color\">2-<\/mark><\/strong>Ergenlik d\u00f6neminin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla birlikte erkeklerin testislerinde k\u0131zlardan 20 kat fazla miktarda erkeklik hormonu (testosteron) \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015flanmaktad\u0131r&nbsp;(7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#8afa0a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">3-<\/mark><\/strong>Fazla miktarda \u00fcretilen testosteron hormonu kas miktar\u0131 ve kas g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn erkeklerde&nbsp;kad\u0131nlardan daha fazla olmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r&nbsp;(8).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#8dff0a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">4-<\/mark><\/strong>Erkeklerin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda testosteron hormonu alt s\u0131n\u0131r olarak kabul edilen 7.7 nmol\/l (222 ng\/dl) den fazla miktardad\u0131r&nbsp;(3,9,10).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#8bfb0b\" class=\"has-inline-color\">5-<\/mark><\/strong>Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda ise testosteron hormonu 1.7 nmol\/l (49 ng\/dl)\u00a0den daha az miktardad\u0131r\u00a0(3,11,12).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#7cfa0e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">6-<\/mark><\/strong>Doping amac\u0131yla d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan erkeklik hormonu alan veya erkekten kad\u0131na cinsiyet de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi&nbsp;ge\u00e7iren kad\u0131nlarda&nbsp;testosteron hormonu&nbsp;5 nmol\/l&nbsp;(144 ng\/dl) den fazla miktarda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#44fa04\" class=\"has-inline-color\">7-<\/mark><\/strong>V\u00fccudunda kendili\u011finden fazla miktarda erkeklik hormonu \u00fcretilen polikistik over sendromu olan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda (%99) ise testosteron hormonu&nbsp;5 nmol\/l&nbsp;(144 ng\/dl) den daha fazla miktarda de\u011fildir&nbsp;(13,14,15,16).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#71fa0a\" class=\"has-inline-color\">8-<\/mark><\/strong>Polikistik over sendromu yo\u011fun spor yapan kad\u0131nlarda \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek kas aktivitesine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan atletizm sporlar\u0131nda (y\u00fczme, ko\u015fu, tenis, dans gibi) normal toplumda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 0randan 4-5 kat daha fazla miktarda g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir&nbsp;(21,26,27).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-blue-color\">Polikistik over sendromu atletizm sporcular\u0131nda (y\u00fczme, ko\u015fu, tenis, dans gibi)&nbsp;adet gecikmesi veya adet olamama \u015feklinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen adet d\u00fczensizli\u011finin&nbsp;en s\u0131k nedenidir&nbsp;(19,20,21,22)<\/mark><\/strong>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fa8205\" class=\"has-inline-color\">1-<\/mark><\/strong>Atletizm sporcular\u0131nda adet d\u00fczensizli\u011finin s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen di\u011fer nedeni v\u00fccutlar\u0131nda ya\u011f miktar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan enerji (kalori) yetersizli\u011fidir&nbsp;(23,24,25).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fe5904\" class=\"has-inline-color\">2-<\/mark><\/strong>Enerji yetersizli\u011fi beyin (hipotalamus) den salg\u0131lanan hormonlar\u0131n (GnRH) engellenmesi&nbsp;sonucunda&nbsp;yumurta b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve yumurtlaman\u0131n durmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><mark style=\"background-color:#fa6105\" class=\"has-inline-color\">3-<\/mark><\/strong>Yumurta b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve yumurtlaman\u0131n durmas\u0131&nbsp;adet gecikmesi veya adet olamama \u015feklinde g\u00f6r\u00fclen adet d\u00fczensizli\u011fine&nbsp;neden olmaktad\u0131r(23,24,25).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Adet d\u00fczensizli\u011fi&nbsp;ve t\u00fcylenme art\u0131\u015f\u0131 gibi herhangi bir \u015fikayeti olmayan (asemptomatik) sadece erkeklik hormonlar\u0131 (testosteron) kanda fazla miktarda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen&nbsp;ergenlik d\u00f6neminde&nbsp;bulunan&nbsp;atletizm sporcular\u0131n\u0131n (y\u00fczme, ko\u015fu, tenis, dans gibi) yar\u0131ya yak\u0131n\u0131nda polikistik over sendromu oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr&nbsp;(26).<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-dark-pink-color\">Polikistik over sendromu\u2019 nun y\u00fcksek kas aktivitesi gerektiren spor dallar\u0131nda avantaj sa\u011flamas\u0131 nedeniyle bu spor dallar\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n&nbsp;aras\u0131nda&nbsp;polikistik over sendromu olan kad\u0131nlar olduk\u00e7a fazla miktarda bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong>Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1-Relationships among serum testosterone levels, body fat and muscle mass distribution in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Douchi T, Yoshimitsu N, Nagata Y. Endocr J. 2001&nbsp;Dec;48(6):685-9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2-Testosterone action on skeletal muscle. Herbst KL, Bhasin S.&nbsp;Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2004&nbsp;May;7(3):271-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3-Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Differences in Athletic Performance. Handelsman DJ, Hirschberg AL, Bermon S.&nbsp;Endocr Rev. 2018&nbsp;Oct 1;39(5):803-829.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4-Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have greater muscle strength irrespective of body composition. Kogure GS, Silva RC, Picchi Ramos FK, Miranda-Furtado CL, Lara LA, Ferriani RA, Dos Reis RM.&nbsp;Gynecol Endocrinol&nbsp;2015&nbsp;Mar;31(3):237-42.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5-Anabolic steroid use and perceived effects in ten weight-trained women athletes. Strauss RH, Liggett MT, Lanese RR.&nbsp;JAMA. 1985&nbsp;May 17;253(19):2871-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6-Hormonal doping and androgenization of athletes: a secret program of the German Democratic Republic government. Franke WW&nbsp;, Berendonk B.&nbsp;Clin Chem. 1997&nbsp;Jul;43(7):1262-79.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7-Assessment of circulating sex steroid levels in prepubertal and pubertal boys and girls by a novel ultrasensitive gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Courant F, Aksglaede L, Antignac JP, Monteau F, Sorensen K, Andersson AM, Skakkebaek NE, Juul A, Bizec BL.&nbsp;J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010&nbsp;Jan;95(1):82-92.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8-Sex differences in athletic performance emerge coinciding with the onset of male puberty. Handelsman DJ.&nbsp;Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2017&nbsp;Jul;87(1):68-72.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9-Harmonized Reference Ranges for Circulating Testosterone Levels in Men of Four Cohort Studies in the United States and Europe. Travison TG, Vesper HW, Orwoll E, Wu F, Kaufman JM, Wang Y, Lapauw B, Fiers T, Matsumoto AM, Bhasin S.&nbsp;J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017&nbsp;Apr 1;102(4):1161-1173.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10-Adult testosterone and calculated free testosterone reference ranges by tandem mass spectrometry. Neale SM, Hocking R, Biswas M, Turkes A, Rees D, Rees DA, Evans C.&nbsp;Ann Clin Biochem. 2013&nbsp;Mar;50(Pt 2):159-61.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11-Age-specific reference ranges for serum testosterone and androstenedione concentrations in women measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Haring R, Hannemann A, John U, Radke D, Nauck M, Wallaschofski H, Owen L, Adaway J, Keevil BG, Brabant G.&nbsp;J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012&nbsp;&nbsp;Feb;97(2):408-15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12-Serum androgen profile and physical performance in women Olympic athletes. Eklund E, Berglund B, Labrie F, Carlstr\u00f6m K, Ekstr\u00f6m L, Hirschberg AL.&nbsp;Br J Sports Med. 2017&nbsp;Sep;51(17):1301-1308.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13-Defining Hyperandrogenism in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Challenging Perspective. Pasquali R, Zanotti L, Fanelli F, Mezzullo M, Fazzini A, Morselli Labate AM, Repaci A, Ribichini D, Gambineri A.&nbsp;J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016&nbsp;May;101(5):2013-22.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14-Total testosterone assays in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: precision and correlation with hirsutism. Legro RS, Schlaff WD, Diamond MP, Coutifaris C, Casson PR, Brzyski RG, Christman GM, Trussell JC, Krawetz SA, Snyder PJ,Ohl D, Carson SA, Steinkampf MP, Carr BR, McGovern PG, Cataldo NA, Gosman GG, Nestler JE, Myers ER, Santoro N, Eisenberg E, Zhang M, Zhang H.&nbsp;J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010&nbsp;Dec;95(12):5305-13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15-Implications of Androgen Assay Accuracy in the Phenotyping of Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Tosi F, Fiers T, Kaufman JM, Dall\u2019Alda M, Moretta R, Giagulli VA, Bonora E, Moghetti P. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016&nbsp;Feb;101(2):610-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16-Performance of mass spectrometry steroid profiling for diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. andelsman DJ, Teede HJ, Desai R, Norman RJ, Moran LJ.&nbsp;Hum Reprod. 2017&nbsp;&nbsp;Jul 1;32(7):1540.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17-Changes in body composition with danazol therapy. Bruce R, Lees B, Whitcroft SI, McSweeney G, Shaw RW, Stevenson JC.Fertil Steril. 1991&nbsp;Sep;56(3):574-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18-Long-term testosterone administration increases visceral fat in female to male transsexuals. Elbers JM, Asscheman H, Seidell JC, Megens JA, Gooren LJ.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. &nbsp;1997 Jul;82(7):2044-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19-Menstrual dysfunction in swimmers: a distinct entity. Constantini NW, Warren MP.&nbsp;J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995&nbsp;Sep;80(9):2740-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20-Hyperandrogenism may explain reproductive dysfunction in olympic athletes. Hagmar M, Berglund B, Brismar K, Hirschberg AL.&nbsp;Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009&nbsp;Jun;41(6):1241-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>21-The relation between athletic sports and prevalence of amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea in Iranian female athletes.&nbsp;Dadgostar H, Razi M, Aleyasin A, Alenabi T, Dahaghin S.Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Ther Technol. 2009&nbsp;Jul 30;1(1):16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>22-Diurnal profiles of testosterone and pituitary hormones suggest different mechanisms for menstrual disturbances in endurance athletes. Rickenlund A, Thor\u00e9n M, Carlstr\u00f6m K, von Schoultz B, Hirschberg AL.&nbsp;J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004&nbsp;Feb;89(2):702-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>23-The effects of intense exercise on the female reproductive system. Warren MP, Perlroth NE.J Endocrinol. 2001&nbsp;Jul;170(1):3-11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>24-The female athlete triad: do female athletes need to take special care to avoid low energy availability? Loucks AB&nbsp;, Stachenfeld NS, DiPietro L.&nbsp;Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006&nbsp;Oct;38(10):1694-700.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>25-Defects in pulsatile LH release in normally menstruating runners. Cumming DC, Vickovic MM, Wall SR, Fluker MR.&nbsp;J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1985Apr;60(4):810-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>26-Hyperandrogenism among elite adolescent female athletes. Eliakim A, Marom N, Galitskaya L, Nemet D.&nbsp;J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2010&nbsp;Aug;23(8):755-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>27-Hyperandrogenicity is an alternative mechanism underlying oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea in female athletes and may improve physical performance. Rickenlund A, Carlstr\u00f6m K, Ekblom B, Brismar TB, von Schoultz B, Hirschberg AL.Fertil Steril. 2003&nbsp;&nbsp;Apr;79(4):947-55.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130nsan v\u00fccudunu kas, ya\u011f, su ve kemik olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. 1-Kas ile ya\u011f beslenme bi\u00e7imi ve hareket miktar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak birbirine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilmektedir. 2-Kas (\u0130skelet kas\u0131) miktar\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a ya\u011f miktar\u0131 azalmaktad\u0131r(1). 3-Kaslar ya\u011flar\u0131 enerji (kalori) olarak kullanarak ya\u011flar\u0131n azalmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.&nbsp; 4-Kas fazla miktarda ise&nbsp;hareket&nbsp;fazla olmasa bile kas miktar\u0131 ile do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak daha&nbsp;fazla&nbsp;miktarda ya\u011f&nbsp;enerji (kalori) olarak t\u00fcketilmektedir. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-8234","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8234"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11460,"href":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8234\/revisions\/11460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/polikistikover.net\/yeni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}